balance of payment

Balance of Payments
To find out what happened on the international trade in the government of a country record transactions between countries. Recording the transaction is conducted in the Account Balance of Payments. Account balance of payments consists of three main parts: (i) Current Account (Current Account), (ii) Balance of the Capital (Capital Account), and (iii) Transaction Government.
Current Account
The current account records payments arising from trade in goods and services between countries. Balance consists of a record trade balance of payments and revenues that come from imports and exports of tangible goods. The second is the transaction service, which records payments and receipts that come from trade in services and use of capital.
Capital Balance
Capital account records transactions relating to international finance capital traffic. Necessary to distinguish between short-term capital and long-term capital. Short-term capital is funds that enter or exit in / from a country in the form of highly liquid assets or easily cashed, for example a bank account or deposit. Long-term capital is funds that enter or exit in / from a State which is invested in less liquid assets, such as long-term bonds, or in the form of physical capital such as factories.
Two main groups in the long-term capital account is a direct investment and portfolio investment. The difference between them is the answer to the question of whether then investors have voting rights and control rights directly. Direct investment related to the change in ownership of non-citizens over domestic firms, and citizen ownership of foreign companies. Forms include the establishment of factories and corporate takeovers where there is a change of control of power companies. On the other hand, portfolio investment is investment in the form of bonds or shares of the minority that do not involve direct control.
Government Transactions
Ie all the transactions of foreign exchange reserves held by the government in this case the central bank. Central banks keep a reserve fund that they use to buy and sell in the foreign exchange market. Most of the reserves can be either gold, partly in the form of foreign exchange, some form of rights kliam of various foreign currencies, and some others in the form of Special Drawing Right (SDR), which is a kind of international currency held by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Each state gets a guaranteed quota of SDR with gold. SDR can only be used to overcome balance of payments difficulties without having to seek approval from the IMF.